Some examples of diseases that have been studied using pathophysiology are:
1) AIDS, a syndrome caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that renders immune cells ineffective, permitting opportunistic infections, malignancies, and neurologic diseases to develop; transmitted sexually or through contaminated blood.
2) Stroke, a condition that occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is interrupted, causing brain cells to die and resulting in various neurological deficits, such as paralysis, speech problems, or cognitive impairment; caused by a clot (ischemic stroke) or a bleed (hemorrhagic stroke) in the brain arteries.
3) Schizophrenia, a mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves, causing symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and impaired social functioning; associated with abnormalities in brain structure and function, neurotransmitter systems, and immune system.
4) Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder that occurs when the body cannot produce or use insulin properly, leading to high blood sugar levels and various complications, such as nerve damage, kidney damage, eye damage, or cardiovascular disease; classified into type 1 (autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells) or type 2 (insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency).
5) Cancer, a group of diseases that involve the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells that can invade and destroy normal tissues and organs; caused by mutations in genes that regulate cell division, differentiation, and death; influenced by various factors, such as genetics, environment, lifestyle, or infections.
The above and many more diseases and conditions have been established by the aid of pathophysiology.
