Rare medical conditions are also known as orphan diseases or rare diseases. These are health conditions that affect a small percentage of the population. The specific prevalence threshold for a condition to be considered rare can vary from country to country, but generally a disease is considered rare when it affects fewer than 1 in 2,000 people.

Here are some examples of rare medical conditions

1) Progeria: Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a genetic disorder that causes rapid aging in children. It is extremely rare, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 20 million births.

Progeria is caused by a change (mutation) in the LMNA gene that codes for the lamin A protein. The lamin A protein is the scaffolding that holds the nucleus of a cell together.

2) Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva: This is a condition where soft tissues progressively turn into bone, essentially causing the body to become "frozen" over time. It affects about 1 in 2 million people.

3) Werewolf Syndrome (Hypertrichosis): Hypertrichosis is a rare condition characterized by excessive hair growth on the face and body. It can be congenital or acquired.

4) Fields' Syndrome: This is a rare immunodeficiency disorder that affects the immune system's ability to fight infections effectively. It is estimated to affect 1 in 500,000 to 1 in 1 million people.

5) Harlequin Ichthyosis: This is a severe genetic skin disorder that causes thick, diamond-shaped plates of skin to form on a baby's body. It's extremely rare, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 300,000 births.

6) Ondine's Curse (Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome): This is a rare genetic disorder that affects the autonomic control of breathing. People with this condition may need mechanical ventilation to survive.

7)Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS): SPS is a rare neurological disorder characterized by stiffness and muscle spasms. It affects fewer than 1 in a million people.

8) Paraneoplastic Pemphigus: This is a rare autoimmune blistering disorder that is often associated with malignancies (cancer). It affects a very small number of people worldwide.

9) Fields Syndrome (Hyper IgM Syndrome):This is a rare immunodeficiency disorder that affects the immune system's ability to fight infections effectively. It is estimated to affect 1 in 500,000 to 1 in 1 million people.

How to cope with rare conditions

1) Find an online community- getting to know other people who might be going through the same thing or who have more information about your condition will help and support the patient.

2) Find the right physicians- being rare will mean even most physicians do have adequate information and there might not be enough research done on the same. finding specialists who understand the condition will prove detrimental.

3) Participate in clinical trials- being rare means not so much is known and being able to do trials will help others in the future and may also help prolong your life.

4) Prioritize health and well-being- your health is very fragile with these rare conditions.

These conditions are very rare but they happen to people. It is important to know about them and seek help.