INTRODUCTION

Different societies used different measures to curb crime among themselves, some to the extreme while some were just warnings to help prevent further future crimes. Some of these measures work and others do not work. There are many reasons that lead to such outcomes including age, gender, environment, etc.

There are many factors that may lead one to commit to crime including poverty, marital status, illiteracy, lack of discipline at home, and lack of concurrence discipline from the parents and the community, and thus many societal measures used to curb crime as discussed below.

PUNISHMENTS

The current contemporary societies use punishments as one of the most common ways to curb crime. Punishments come in various ways including imprisonment, probation, and rehabilitation. Society uses punishments on criminals as an established method that is an effective way to inflict pain and is believed to prevent any future acts of crime, there are many ways of punishment from time immemorial.

All punishments like capital death which is done in some countries to a large extent are controversial since it does not give the accused a second chance to change. Capital death and any other form of punishment like imprisonment may result in injustices where wrongly accused individuals might die or serve sentences for nothing.

These forms of punishment are also not a guarantee that the accused will reform and become better people. Some even become worse than they were before. An example of prison is where all wrongdoers are put in one place irrespective of the type of crime they commit, This gives them a forum to interact and share their experiences encouraging those who were offenders of lesser crime to engage in bigger crimes when they're out.

In order for punishment to be more effective more research should be done on the psychology and the circumstantial reasons why people engage in crimes. Individuals should also be put separately while serving their sentences to avoid the interaction of criminals. Punishments like death should be completely removed as once done it cannot be undone and a lot of injustices have been done over the years.

SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS AND INCLUSIONS

There is a need by the authority in charge to integrate crime prevention into relevant social and economic policies and to focus on the social integration of at-risk communities like children and youth. Adequate resources to establish and sustain programs and evaluations should be made available and clear accountability for funding and implementation should be transparent.

It should consider the needs of special groups of different people men, women, and children. Contemporary society experiences a large gap between the rich and the poor where the social economic needs of the poor are largely ignored by the rich few. The lack of accountability and transparency makes the poor very bitter and also pushes them to the extent of committing crimes in order to meet their basic needs. Most of these individuals in the lower class lack even basic needs like food, water, and shelter and lack the economic breakthrough they need to live decently.

Society should, through proper government leadership, at all levels create and maintain institutional frameworks for effective social-economic development and inclusion of these people in the lower classes. As a society we should also come up with accountable and transparent ways to ensure that resources and infrastructure reach these people.

KNOWLEDGE BASE STRATEGIES

Policies and programs need to be based on a broad multidisciplinary foundation of knowledge together with evidence regarding special crime problems, their causes, and proven practices. The members of the public should have adequate knowledge of the causes, effects, and any other information relevant to crime. The use of campaigns and technology to teach every child and family to equip them with the required knowledge to avoid and detect any early signs of crime.

The current contemporary society overlooks on the proper information that is needed as stated above and many find themselves victims of crime. The government and other organizations should maximize the use of the internet, books, journals, radio, and television to educate the masses on the sources of the causes and effects of crime.

COOPERATION AND PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT MINISTRIES AMD CIVIL SOCIETIES

This partnership between the government ministries, authorities, civil organizations, the business sector, and the private citizens ensures every sector of the community has the know-how on the wide-ranging nature of causes of crime and the skills and responsibilities required to address them. Although contemporary society as a whole use this relationship to try and curb crime there are many challenges they are still facing including lack of response by the government ministries or authorities or lack of immediate information from the civil citizens and action might be taken when it's too late.

This partnership would work better if every organ in this relationship performed its duties to the fullest and if the information on the crime was properly used.

PRESENCE OF A POLICE FORCE

The presence of a police force ensures a reduction in crime. Police force instills fear among individuals who might have considered getting into crime. The vigilant and adequately equipped police forced ensures that crime rates are the lowest level possible. The police force in most cases lacks discipline and is corrupt and this hinders proper prevention of crime.

They must be unaccompanied with improved remuneration packages for police and civil servants so that corruption can be stifled. The public should also be educated that the services provided by the police force should be free and it's their right to get the services. The police force also should be provided with proper housing and fair pay in order to stop them from accepting bribes.

CONCLUSION

The contemporary society uses many measures to approach crime but those measures are never perfect and face a lot of challenges. There are many solutions that can be done in order to improve these measures for the benefit of society.